Diagnosis training and calibration for epidemiological studies on primary and permanent teeth with hypomineralization.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to assess the impact on diagnostic accuracy and Kappa values improvement during the three-phase training and calibration process for MIH/HSPM. METHODS: Thirty dentists were calibrated as examiners for diagnosis of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) using Ghanim's index. The whole process was divided into three phases. Phase 1: three meetings with the dentists for the first diagnosis training and calibration (sessions 1a and 1b); phase 2: for a period of 1 month, the dentists started practicing MIH/HSPM diagnosis in the Basic Health Units and an online follow-up group was created to discuss cases and resolve doubts; phase 3: two meetings with the dentists for the second calibration (sessions 2a and 2b). A webpage with educational material was prepared as support during the whole process to improve the dentists' skills in diagnosing MIH/HSPM. The examiners' responses were compared to a gold standard and the Kappa value was obtained. RESULTS: The average clinical criteria kappa value of the examiners was 0.76 ± 0.19 for the first calibration and 0.93 ± 0.07 (p < 0.05) for the second calibration. For the eruption criteria, the average kappa value was 0.89 ± 0.14 for the first calibration and 0.98 ± 0.08 for the second calibration. Extension criteria had an average kappa value of 0.59 ± 0.15 during the first calibration and 0.75 ± 0.14 during the second calibration. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the methodology used was an effective tool for improving the diagnostic accuracy of MIH/HSPM.

Dental caries: Genetic and protein interactions.

OBJECTIVE: To present a genetic and protein interaction analysis associated with dental caries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The first step was to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) through an electronic database search. Case-controls that reported associations between genes and dental caries were the main type of study design used as inclusion criteria, retrieved from the PubMed and the Virtual Health Library databases, comprising the chronological range from 1982 to 2017. The SLR was guided by PRISMA protocol and the methodological quality of the studies was established through Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). In the second step, the String Protein Interaction (SPI) approach was used to analyze protein interaction (by esyN software) and also the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to check biological pathways associated with dental caries genes. RESULTS: A total of 51 articles were included to perform this SLR, describing a number of 27 genes associated with dental caries development. At the genetic level, 23 genes have at least one other gene with which they interact. The genes TUFT1, VDR, TFIP11, LTF, HLA-DRB1, MMP2, MMP3 and MUC5B were shown to be connected in interactive networks by at least 10 other genes. CONCLUSION: It is essential to apprehend the multifactorial pattern of inheritance in human disease. This study presents pathways which may be directly correlated with several dental caries phenotype and this contributes to a better understanding of this disease, opening up a wider range of biotechnology options for its effective control in the future.

Determinants of Dental Care Attendance during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.

Despite the fact that dental care attendance during pregnancy has been recommended by guidelines and institutions, the demand for dental services is still low among pregnant women. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the determinants of dental care attendance during pregnancy. We performed a systematic literature search in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Brazilian Library in Dentistry, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Medline using relevant keywords. Studies were filtered by publication year (2000-2016) and language (English, Portuguese, Spanish, and French). The included studies were assessed for quality. Their characteristics and statistically significant factors were reported. Fourteen papers were included in the review. The prevalence of dental service usage during pregnancy ranged from 16 to 83%. Demographic factors included women's age, marital status, parity, and nationality. The socioeconomic factors were income, educational level, and type of health insurance. Many psychological and behavioral factors played a role, including oral health practices, oral health and pregnancy beliefs, and health care maintenance. Referred symptoms of gingivitis, dental pain, or dental problems were perceived need. Demographic, socioeconomic, psychological, behavioral factors and perceived need were associated with the utilization of dental services during pregnancy. More well-designed studies with reliable outcomes are required to confirm the framework described in this review.

Assessment of the quantity and purity of DNA obtained from buccal cells under different storage methods / Avaliação da quantidade e pureza do DNA obtido por meio de raspagem de células da mucosa buccal sob diferentes condições de armazenamento

Aim: This study aimed to verify the quantity and purity of DNA obtained from buccal cells under different storage conditions. Methods: Thirty students, between 18 and 23 years of age participated in the study. Three samples of genetic material were collected from each student (samples A, B, and C) through a mouth rinse with 5 mL of 3% glucose. The first phase of DNA extraction from sample A was carried out on the same day of sample collection, whereas samples B and C were stored in a refrigerator and a freezer, respectively, for 1 month before the first extraction phase. DNA extraction was performed with 10 M ammonium acetate and 1 mM EDTA. Sample purity was assessed by spectrophotometry. Statistical analyses were performed through descriptive analysis and analysis of variance ANOVA using the SPSS software, version 21.0. Results: the samples presented no statistically significant differences between the DNA quantity (p = 0.37) or quality (p = 0.16). Conclusion: the quantity and purity of DNA extraction from the three samples were satisfactory, and no differences in storage conditions were found.(AU)

Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a quantidade e pureza do DNA obtido por células bucais utilizando diferentes meios de armazenagem. Métodos: trinta estudantes do curso de Odontologia entre 18 e 23 anos participaram desta pesquisa. O material genético foi coletado 3 vezes de cada indivíduo (amostras A B e C) por meio de bochechos com 5 ml de glicose 3%. Para a amostra A, foi realizada a primeira fase da extração do DNA no dia da coleta, já as amostras B e C, ficaram armazenadas em geladeira e freezer, respectivamente, por um mês antes da primeira extração. A extração do DNA foi realizada com acetato de amônio 10M e EDTA 1mM. Avaliouse a pureza das amostras por espectrofotometria. Resultados: as amostras não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre a quantidade (p = 0,37) ou pureza (p = 0,16) do DNA. Conclusão: a quantidade e a pureza do DNA das três amostras foram satisfatórias e não houve diferenças nas condições de armazenamento.(AU)